Top Doctors in San Marino

Comprehensive directory of leading medical professionals

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Distinguished Medical Professionals

Dr. Alessandro Bianchi

Cardiology

Work Experience: 22 years

Dr. Alessandro Bianchi is a renowned cardiologist with over two decades of experience in treating complex heart conditions. He completed his medical education at the University of Bologna and further specialized in interventional cardiology at Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States.

Dr. Bianchi has performed over 5,000 cardiac procedures including angioplasties, stent placements, and pacemaker implantations. He pioneered the transradial approach for coronary interventions in San Marino, significantly reducing patient recovery time. His research on early detection of coronary artery disease has been published in several international journals.

Notable achievements include developing San Marino's first comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program and introducing advanced imaging techniques for non-invasive diagnosis. He currently serves as the Head of Cardiology at San Marino State Hospital and is a member of the European Society of Cardiology.

Dr. Elena Conti

Pediatrics

Work Experience: 18 years

Dr. Elena Conti is a highly respected pediatrician known for her exceptional care of children from infancy through adolescence. She completed her medical degree at the University of Padua and specialized in pediatrics at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London.

With nearly two decades of experience, Dr. Conti has expertise in managing childhood chronic illnesses, developmental disorders, and preventive care. She established the first allergy and asthma clinic for children in San Marino, significantly improving care for young patients with these conditions.

Dr. Conti has been instrumental in developing vaccination programs and public health initiatives that have contributed to San Marino's excellent child health outcomes. She is known for her compassionate approach and ability to communicate effectively with both children and parents. Her work in pediatric nutrition education has received recognition from the Italian Pediatric Society.

Dr. Marco De Luca

Orthopedic Surgery

Work Experience: 25 years

Dr. Marco De Luca is a pioneering orthopedic surgeon specializing in joint replacement and sports medicine. After completing his medical education at the University of Rome, he pursued advanced training in orthopedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in the United States.

With a quarter century of experience, Dr. De Luca has performed over 3,000 successful joint replacements, particularly hip and knee procedures. He introduced minimally invasive surgical techniques to San Marino that reduce tissue damage and accelerate recovery. Many professional athletes from San Marino and surrounding regions have benefited from his expertise in sports injury management.

Dr. De Luca has developed several innovative surgical instruments that are now used internationally. He leads San Marino's first multidisciplinary sports medicine center and serves as a consultant to the national Olympic committee. His research on cartilage regeneration has been presented at international conferences and published in leading orthopedic journals.

Dr. Sofia Ricci

Neurology

Work Experience: 20 years

Dr. Sofia Ricci is an esteemed neurologist with special expertise in stroke management and neurodegenerative disorders. She received her medical degree from the University of Milan and completed her neurology residency at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery in London.

Dr. Ricci established San Marino's first dedicated stroke unit, implementing rapid response protocols that have significantly improved outcomes for stroke patients. She has been at the forefront of introducing thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke in the country.

Her work with patients suffering from Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis has involved implementing comprehensive care models that address both medical and quality-of-life issues. Dr. Ricci has participated in international clinical trials for new neurological medications and serves on the editorial board of the European Neurology Journal. She regularly conducts community education programs on stroke recognition and prevention.

Dr. Giovanni Ferrari

Oncology

Work Experience: 28 years

Dr. Giovanni Ferrari is a leading oncologist known for his expertise in breast cancer and gastrointestinal malignancies. He completed his medical training at the University of Bologna and pursued fellowship training at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas.

With nearly three decades of experience, Dr. Ferrari has been instrumental in developing San Marino's comprehensive cancer care program. He established the country's first multidisciplinary tumor board, ensuring that each cancer patient receives individualized treatment plans based on input from various specialists.

Dr. Ferrari pioneered the use of targeted therapies and immunotherapy in San Marino, significantly improving survival rates for several cancer types. He has led numerous clinical trials investigating novel cancer treatments and has published over 100 research papers in prestigious oncology journals. Beyond his clinical work, Dr. Ferrari is known for his compassionate patient care and has developed supportive care programs addressing the psychological needs of cancer patients and their families.

Exceptional Medical Specialists

Dr. Lucia Marchetti

Dermatology

Work Experience: 16 years

Dr. Lucia Marchetti is a distinguished dermatologist known for her expertise in medical and cosmetic dermatology. She completed her medical degree at the University of Florence and specialized in dermatology at the University of Vienna.

Dr. Marchetti has introduced several advanced dermatological procedures to San Marino, including photodynamic therapy for precancerous lesions and Mohs micrographic surgery for skin cancer. She established the first pigmented lesion clinic in the country for early detection of melanoma.

Her research on the epidemiology of skin cancer in Mediterranean populations has been widely cited. Dr. Marchetti has developed public awareness campaigns about sun protection that have contributed to a reduction in skin cancer rates. She is also known for her work in laser treatments and aesthetic dermatology, employing the latest technologies to achieve natural-looking results.

Dr. Francesco Romano

Gastroenterology

Work Experience: 19 years

Dr. Francesco Romano is a leading gastroenterologist with expertise in therapeutic endoscopy and inflammatory bowel disease. He received his medical education at the University of Bologna and completed advanced endoscopic training at the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam.

Dr. Romano has performed over 10,000 endoscopic procedures with an exceptional safety record. He introduced endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic mucosal resection techniques to San Marino, allowing for less invasive diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal conditions.

He established the country's first dedicated inflammatory bowel disease clinic, providing comprehensive care for patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Dr. Romano has participated in international research collaborations studying the gut microbiome and its relationship to digestive disorders. He regularly organizes training workshops for other gastroenterologists in the region to share advanced endoscopic techniques.

Dr. Beatrice Lombardi

Endocrinology

Work Experience: 22 years

Dr. Beatrice Lombardi is a renowned endocrinologist specializing in diabetes and thyroid disorders. She completed her medical degree at the University of Padua and pursued further specialization at the Harvard Medical School diabetes center.

Dr. Lombardi established San Marino's first comprehensive diabetes management program, integrating advanced technology with patient education. She pioneered the use of continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump therapy in the country.

Her work in thyroid disease includes developing standardized protocols for the management of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. Dr. Lombardi has conducted population studies on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in San Marino, leading to public health initiatives addressing obesity and prediabetes. She serves as an advisor to the Ministry of Health on endocrine disorders and has been recognized internationally for her contributions to diabetes care.

Dr. Antonio Costa

Neurosurgery

Work Experience: 24 years

Dr. Antonio Costa is a highly skilled neurosurgeon known for his expertise in minimally invasive brain and spine surgery. He received his medical degree from the University of Milan and completed neurosurgical training at the University of Zurich.

Dr. Costa has performed over 3,500 complex neurosurgical procedures with outcomes comparable to leading international centers. He introduced endoscopic neurosurgery to San Marino, allowing for treatment of pituitary tumors and other conditions through small incisions with reduced recovery time.

His work in spinal surgery includes innovative techniques for disc replacement and minimally invasive treatment of spinal fractures. Dr. Costa has developed specialized protocols for the management of traumatic brain injury that have been adopted nationwide. He leads San Marino's neurosurgical team and serves as a consultant for complex cases throughout the region. His research on surgical outcomes has been published in several prestigious neurosurgery journals.

Dr. Giulia Santoro

Psychiatry

Work Experience: 17 years

Dr. Giulia Santoro is an accomplished psychiatrist specializing in mood disorders and psychotherapy. She completed her medical education at the University of Bologna and pursued psychiatric training at the Maudsley Hospital in London.

Dr. Santoro established San Marino's first cognitive behavioral therapy program and has trained numerous mental health professionals in evidence-based psychotherapeutic techniques. She developed integrated treatment protocols for depression and anxiety that combine medication management with psychotherapy.

Her work has focused on reducing the stigma associated with mental illness through public education campaigns. Dr. Santoro created the country's first psychiatric liaison service for primary care physicians, improving access to mental health care. She has conducted research on the effectiveness of different treatment approaches for resistant depression and has been invited to speak at international psychiatry conferences. Beyond her clinical work, Dr. Santoro advises the government on mental health policy and service development.

Leading Healthcare Experts

Dr. Matteo Barbieri

Ophthalmology

Work Experience: 21 years

Dr. Matteo Barbieri is a renowned ophthalmologist known for his expertise in cataract and retinal surgery. He completed his medical degree at the University of Modena and specialized in ophthalmology at the Moorfields Eye Hospital in London.

Dr. Barbieri has performed over 10,000 cataract surgeries with exceptional outcomes. He introduced premium intraocular lenses to San Marino, providing patients with options for reduced dependence on glasses after surgery.

His work in retinal diseases includes advanced vitreoretinal surgery for conditions such as retinal detachment and macular holes. Dr. Barbieri established the first diabetic retinopathy screening program in San Marino, significantly reducing vision loss from diabetes. He has trained numerous ophthalmologists in microsurgical techniques and has been recognized with awards for his contributions to eye care.

Dr. Chiara Rinaldi

Obstetrics & Gynecology

Work Experience: 19 years

Dr. Chiara Rinaldi is a highly respected obstetrician and gynecologist with special expertise in high-risk pregnancies and minimally invasive gynecological surgery. She completed her medical training at the University of Bologna and pursued advanced fellowship training in maternal-fetal medicine at King's College Hospital in London.

Dr. Rinaldi has managed over 5,000 deliveries with exceptional outcomes for both mothers and babies. She introduced fetal surgery techniques to San Marino for treating certain congenital conditions before birth. Her work in minimally invasive hysterectomy and myomectomy has significantly reduced recovery times for patients.

She established the country's first comprehensive menopause clinic, addressing both hormonal and quality-of-life issues for women in midlife. Dr. Rinaldi has been instrumental in developing national guidelines for prenatal care and cervical cancer screening. Her research on gestational diabetes management has been published in several international journals, and she regularly serves as a speaker at obstetrics conferences throughout Europe.

Dr. Roberto Moretti

Urology

Work Experience: 23 years

Dr. Roberto Moretti is a leading urologist specializing in robotic surgery and prostate diseases. He received his medical degree from the University of Padua and completed his urology residency at the University of Vienna, followed by robotic surgery training in Switzerland.

Dr. Moretti has performed over 1,500 robotic prostatectomies with exceptional functional outcomes and cancer control. He introduced the first robotic surgical system to San Marino, revolutionizing minimally invasive surgery for urological conditions. His expertise extends to complex kidney surgery and urinary reconstruction.

He established San Marino's first multidisciplinary prostate clinic, bringing together urologists, oncologists, and radiation therapists to provide comprehensive care. Dr. Moretti has developed innovative techniques for nerve-sparing prostatectomy that preserve urinary continence and sexual function. His research on prostate cancer biomarkers has been published in leading urology journals, and he serves on the editorial board of the European Urology Review.

Dr. Francesca Esposito

Pulmonology

Work Experience: 18 years

Dr. Francesca Esposito is an esteemed pulmonologist with expertise in sleep medicine and critical care. She completed her medical education at the University of Milan and specialized in pulmonary medicine at the University of Barcelona, with additional training in sleep disorders at Stanford University.

Dr. Esposito established San Marino's first comprehensive sleep laboratory, diagnosing and treating conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and restless legs syndrome. She developed integrated protocols for managing severe asthma and COPD that have significantly reduced hospitalizations.

Her work during the COVID-19 pandemic involved developing treatment protocols for respiratory complications that were adopted nationwide. Dr. Esposito has conducted research on the long-term pulmonary effects of environmental exposures and has advocated for clean air policies. She serves as the director of the pulmonary rehabilitation program at San Marino State Hospital and has been recognized for her contributions to respiratory medicine with several awards.

Dr. Simone Romano

Emergency Medicine

Work Experience: 15 years

Dr. Simone Romano is a highly skilled emergency medicine physician known for his expertise in trauma care and disaster management. He completed his medical training at the University of Bologna and pursued emergency medicine residency at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, a leading trauma center in the United States.

Dr. Romano redesigned San Marino's emergency response system, implementing triage protocols that significantly reduced waiting times and improved outcomes for critical patients. He introduced point-of-care ultrasound to emergency departments throughout the country, enabling faster diagnosis of life-threatening conditions.

He developed the nation's first comprehensive disaster preparedness plan, coordinating with civil protection agencies and hospitals throughout the region. Dr. Romano has trained numerous emergency physicians in advanced cardiac life support and trauma resuscitation. His research on mass casualty incident management has been presented at international emergency medicine conferences and adopted by several European countries.

Renowned Medical Practitioners

Dr. Valentina Greco

Rheumatology

Work Experience: 17 years

Dr. Valentina Greco is a distinguished rheumatologist known for her expertise in autoimmune diseases and biological therapies. She completed her medical degree at the University of Florence and specialized in rheumatology at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden.

Dr. Greco established San Marino's first dedicated lupus clinic, providing comprehensive care for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related conditions. She introduced advanced biological therapies for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis that have dramatically improved patients' quality of life.

Her research on biomarkers for predicting treatment response in autoimmune diseases has been published in leading rheumatology journals. Dr. Greco developed the country's first osteoporosis management program, significantly reducing fracture rates in at-risk populations. She serves as a consultant to the Ministry of Health on rare autoimmune diseases and has been instrumental in securing access to innovative treatments for San Marino patients.

Dr. Luca Martini

Infectious Diseases

Work Experience: 20 years

Dr. Luca Martini is a leading infectious disease specialist with expertise in antimicrobial stewardship and tropical medicine. He received his medical education at the University of Bologna and completed fellowship training in infectious diseases at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.

Dr. Martini developed San Marino's first comprehensive antibiotic stewardship program, significantly reducing inappropriate antibiotic use and combating antimicrobial resistance. He established travel medicine clinics throughout the country, providing pre-travel consultations and post-travel illness management.

His work during the COVID-19 pandemic involved developing testing protocols and treatment algorithms that were adopted nationwide. Dr. Martini has conducted research on emerging infectious diseases and has served as a consultant to the World Health Organization on outbreak response. He leads San Marino's infection control committee and has implemented hospital protocols that have dramatically reduced healthcare-associated infections.

Dr. Silvia Bianco

Nephrology

Work Experience: 22 years

Dr. Silvia Bianco is a renowned nephrologist specializing in kidney transplantation and dialysis. She completed her medical training at the University of Padua and pursued advanced training in transplant nephrology at the University of California, San Francisco.

Dr. Bianco established San Marino's first kidney transplant program, coordinating with Italian transplant centers to provide life-saving procedures for San Marino patients. She introduced home dialysis options that have significantly improved quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease.

Her research on delayed graft function in kidney transplantation has been published in leading transplant journals. Dr. Bianco developed comprehensive protocols for managing chronic kidney disease that have slowed disease progression in at-risk patients. She serves as the director of the national dialysis program and has been recognized with awards for her contributions to nephrology care.

Dr. Andrea Russo

Plastic Surgery

Work Experience: 19 years

Dr. Andrea Russo is a highly skilled plastic surgeon known for his expertise in reconstructive surgery and burn treatment. He received his medical degree from the University of Milan and completed plastic surgery training at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, followed by a burn surgery fellowship at Shriners Hospitals for Children.

Dr. Russo established San Marino's first comprehensive burn unit, introducing advanced wound care techniques that have significantly improved outcomes for burn patients. He developed microsurgical techniques for complex reconstruction after cancer surgery or trauma.

His work in craniofacial surgery has transformed the lives of children with congenital anomalies. Dr. Russo has pioneered the use of 3D printing technology for surgical planning in complex reconstructive cases. He serves as a consultant to the Ministry of Health on disaster response involving burn injuries and has trained numerous surgeons in advanced reconstructive techniques.

Dr. Elena Marini

Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Work Experience: 16 years

Dr. Elena Marini is a leading physiatrist specializing in neurological rehabilitation and pain management. She completed her medical education at the University of Bologna and specialized in physical medicine and rehabilitation at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, ranked as the top rehabilitation hospital in the United States.

Dr. Marini established San Marino's first comprehensive stroke rehabilitation program, integrating advanced technologies such as robotic exoskeletons and virtual reality to enhance recovery. She developed multidisciplinary pain management protocols that have reduced opioid dependence among chronic pain patients.

Her work in spinal cord injury rehabilitation has helped numerous patients achieve greater independence and quality of life. Dr. Marini has conducted research on the use of neuromodulation for spasticity management that has been presented at international rehabilitation conferences. She serves as the director of the national rehabilitation institute and has been instrumental in developing accessibility policies for people with disabilities.

Expert Medical Specialists

Dr. Giovanni Conti

Anesthesiology

Work Experience: 21 years

Dr. Giovanni Conti is a highly skilled anesthesiologist known for his expertise in regional anesthesia and pain management. He completed his medical training at the University of Padua and specialized in anesthesiology at the University of Toronto, Canada.

Dr. Conti introduced ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia techniques to San Marino, significantly improving pain control after surgery and reducing opioid requirements. He developed enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols that have shortened hospital stays and improved patient outcomes across multiple surgical specialties.

His work in obstetric anesthesia has made childbirth safer and more comfortable for thousands of women. Dr. Conti established the first acute pain service in San Marino, providing round-the-clock pain management for postoperative patients. He has trained numerous anesthesiologists in advanced airway management and critical care skills, and his research on anesthetic techniques has been published in leading anesthesiology journals.

Dr. Maria Ferrari

Radiation Oncology

Work Experience: 18 years

Dr. Maria Ferrari is a leading radiation oncologist with expertise in stereotactic radiosurgery and brachytherapy. She received her medical degree from the University of Milan and completed radiation oncology residency at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York.

Dr. Ferrari introduced advanced radiation techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to San Marino, allowing for more precise cancer treatment with fewer side effects. She established the country's first brachytherapy program for gynecological and prostate cancers.

Her research on hypofractionated radiation regimens has helped reduce treatment duration for breast and prostate cancer patients. Dr. Ferrari developed comprehensive survivorship programs addressing the long-term effects of cancer treatment. She serves as the director of radiation oncology at San Marino State Hospital and has been instrumental in acquiring state-of-the-art radiation equipment for the country.

Dr. Paolo Rizzo

Geriatrics

Work Experience: 24 years

Dr. Paolo Rizzo is a renowned geriatrician known for his expertise in dementia care and polypharmacy management. He completed his medical education at the University of Bologna and specialized in geriatrics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Dr. Rizzo established San Marino's first memory clinic, providing comprehensive diagnosis and management for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. He developed medication reconciliation protocols that have significantly reduced adverse drug events in elderly patients.

His work in falls prevention has led to community-based programs that have reduced hip fracture rates among older adults. Dr. Rizzo created the country's first home-based geriatric assessment service, allowing frail elderly patients to receive comprehensive care without leaving their homes. He serves as an advisor to the Ministry of Health on aging policy and has been recognized with awards for his contributions to elder care.

Dr. Francesca Lombardo

Allergy & Immunology

Work Experience: 15 years

Dr. Francesca Lombardo is a distinguished allergist and immunologist known for her expertise in food allergies and primary immunodeficiency. She received her medical training at the University of Florence and completed allergy/immunology fellowship at the National Jewish Health center in Denver, Colorado.

Dr. Lombardo established San Marino's first oral immunotherapy program for food allergies, successfully desensitizing numerous patients to peanuts, milk, and other allergens. She introduced advanced diagnostic techniques for primary immunodeficiency diseases, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Her research on the epidemiology of food allergies in Mediterranean populations has been widely cited. Dr. Lombardo developed school allergy management protocols that have been adopted nationwide. She serves as the director of the allergy and clinical immunology service and has been instrumental in establishing San Marino's first immunodeficiency treatment center.

Dr. Stefano Marino

Pathology

Work Experience: 26 years

Dr. Stefano Marino is a leading pathologist known for his expertise in molecular diagnostics and cancer pathology. He completed his medical degree at the University of Bologna and specialized in pathology at the University of Cambridge, followed by molecular pathology training at the MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Dr. Marino established San Marino's first molecular pathology laboratory, introducing genetic testing that guides targeted cancer therapies. He developed digital pathology systems that allow for remote consultation and second opinions on challenging cases.

His research on biomarker discovery in lung cancer has contributed to personalized treatment approaches. Dr. Marino implemented quality assurance programs that have elevated the standards of pathological diagnosis throughout the country. He serves as the director of laboratory medicine at San Marino State Hospital and has been recognized as a leading expert in diagnostic pathology.

Distinguished Medical Leaders

Dr. Anna Greco

Family Medicine

Work Experience: 28 years

Dr. Anna Greco is a highly respected family physician known for her comprehensive approach to primary care and preventive medicine. She completed her medical training at the University of Bologna and specialized in family medicine at the University of Edinburgh.

Dr. Greco established one of San Marino's first patient-centered medical homes, implementing team-based care that improved outcomes for patients with chronic conditions. She developed community health programs addressing smoking cessation, weight management, and cardiovascular risk reduction.

Her work in preventive care has significantly increased cancer screening rates in her patient population. Dr. Greco has trained numerous family medicine residents and has been instrumental in developing the family medicine curriculum for San Marino's medical education program. She serves as the president of the San Marino College of Family Physicians and has been recognized with awards for her contributions to primary care.

Dr. Luca Bianchi

Cardiothoracic Surgery

Work Experience: 25 years

Dr. Luca Bianchi is a renowned cardiothoracic surgeon known for his expertise in minimally invasive heart surgery and heart transplantation. He received his medical degree from the University of Milan and completed cardiothoracic surgery training at the Cleveland Clinic, followed by a heart transplantation fellowship at Stanford University.

Dr. Bianchi performed San Marino's first minimally invasive coronary artery bypass surgery, introducing techniques that reduce surgical trauma and accelerate recovery. He established the country's first ventricular assist device program for patients with end-stage heart failure.

His work in aortic surgery has significantly improved outcomes for patients with complex aortic disorders. Dr. Bianchi developed surgical training programs that have elevated the standards of cardiac surgery throughout the country. He serves as the chief of cardiothoracic surgery at San Marino State Hospital and has been recognized as a pioneer in minimally invasive cardiac procedures.

Dr. Sofia Romano

Hematology

Work Experience: 19 years

Dr. Sofia Romano is a leading hematologist known for her expertise in bleeding disorders and hematological malignancies. She completed her medical education at the University of Bologna and specialized in hematology at the University College London Hospitals.

Dr. Romano established San Marino's first comprehensive hemophilia treatment center, providing integrated care for patients with bleeding disorders. She introduced targeted therapies for leukemia and lymphoma that have significantly improved survival rates.

Her research on thrombophilia has led to improved protocols for preventing blood clots in high-risk patients. Dr. Romano developed the country's first stem cell transplantation program in collaboration with Italian medical centers. She serves as the director of hematology at San Marino State Hospital and has been instrumental in establishing patient support groups for those with blood disorders.

Dr. Marco Esposito

Otolaryngology

Work Experience: 22 years

Dr. Marco Esposito is a highly skilled otolaryngologist known for his expertise in head and neck surgery and cochlear implantation. He received his medical training at the University of Padua and completed otolaryngology residency at the University of Michigan, followed by a head and neck surgery fellowship at the University of Pittsburgh.

Dr. Esposito established San Marino's first cochlear implant program, restoring hearing to numerous children and adults with severe hearing loss. He introduced transoral robotic surgery for throat cancers, allowing for less invasive treatment with better functional outcomes.

His work in thyroid and parathyroid surgery has set new standards for safety and efficacy. Dr. Esposito developed multidisciplinary head and neck cancer clinics that bring together surgeons, oncologists, and other specialists to provide comprehensive care. He serves as the chief of otolaryngology at San Marino State Hospital and has been recognized with awards for his contributions to hearing restoration.

Dr. Elena Costa

Palliative Medicine

Work Experience: 16 years

Dr. Elena Costa is a distinguished palliative care physician known for her expertise in symptom management and end-of-life care. She completed her medical degree at the University of Bologna and specialized in palliative medicine at the University of Oxford.

Dr. Costa established San Marino's first comprehensive palliative care service, integrating hospital, home, and hospice care for patients with serious illnesses. She developed protocols for pain and symptom management that have become the standard of care throughout the country.

Her work in advance care planning has empowered patients to make informed decisions about their treatment preferences. Dr. Costa created training programs for healthcare professionals in communication skills and end-of-life care. She serves as the director of the national palliative care program and has been instrumental in developing policies that ensure access to quality palliative care for all San Marino citizens.