Valgus correction osteotomy is a surgical procedure that changes bone alignment to reduce a “valgus” (knock-kneed) position at the knee. It is most often used to shift weight-bearing forces away from the outer (lateral) side of the knee joint. The goal is to improve knee mechanics and reduce symptoms in selected conditions. It is commonly discussed in knee preservation care, especially in younger or active patients with alignment-related knee problems.

Varus correction osteotomy is a realignment surgery used to correct a “varus” (bow-legged) alignment around the knee. It involves cutting and reshaping bone so body weight is distributed more evenly across the knee joint. It is most commonly discussed in the setting of knee pain related to alignment problems and uneven cartilage wear. It may be performed on the tibia (shinbone) or femur (thighbone), depending on where the deformity originates.

Alignment correction is the process of improving how the bones of a joint line up and share load. In knee care, it commonly refers to addressing “bow-legged” (varus) or “knock-kneed” (valgus) alignment. It can be done with non-surgical strategies (like bracing or foot orthoses) or with surgery (like osteotomy or joint replacement alignment techniques).

Derotational osteotomy is a surgery that corrects abnormal bone rotation by cutting a bone and rotating it into a better alignment. It is most commonly performed on the femur (thigh bone) or tibia (shin bone). It is used when rotational alignment contributes to pain, instability, or inefficient movement around the knee, hip, or ankle. The goal is to improve how forces travel through the leg during standing, walking, and sports.

Maquet procedure is a knee operation that repositions the tibial tubercle, the bony bump where the patellar tendon attaches. Its goal is to change how the kneecap (patella) loads against the thighbone (femur). It is most commonly discussed in the setting of patellofemoral pain or patellofemoral arthritis (kneecap joint wear). In modern practice, it is often considered within the broader family of “tibial tubercle osteotomy/transfer” procedures.

Fulkerson osteotomy is a knee surgery that repositions the tibial tubercle, the bump on the shinbone where the patellar tendon attaches. It is designed to change how the kneecap (patella) tracks and loads against the thighbone (femur). It is most commonly used for patellofemoral pain, maltracking, or recurrent patellar instability. It is one form of a broader group of procedures called tibial tubercle osteotomies.

TTO most commonly refers to a **tibial tubercle osteotomy**. It is a knee operation that **repositions a small piece of bone** where the patellar tendon attaches. It is commonly used in **patellofemoral problems**, such as kneecap instability or maltracking. It may also be combined with other procedures to address cartilage injury or alignment issues.

Tibial tubercle osteotomy is a knee surgery that repositions a small bony bump on the front of the shinbone (tibia). That bump, called the tibial tubercle, is where the patellar tendon attaches. By moving it, surgeons can change how the kneecap (patella) tracks and how forces load the front of the knee. It is commonly used in patellofemoral (kneecap) instability and certain patterns of patellofemoral pain or cartilage wear.

DFO most commonly refers to **distal femoral osteotomy**. It is a surgery that reshapes the lower end of the thigh bone (femur) to change knee alignment. It is commonly used in knee preservation care to shift load away from a worn or painful compartment. It is typically considered in active patients with malalignment and compartment-specific knee symptoms.

Distal femoral osteotomy is a knee realignment surgery done on the lower part of the femur (thighbone). It changes how body weight travels through the knee joint by correcting bone alignment. It is most commonly used for knee pain and cartilage wear related to malalignment, especially “knock-knee” alignment. It is also used to address certain post-injury deformities and to support other joint-preserving procedures.