Irrigation and debridement knee is a procedure that washes out the knee joint and removes unwanted material. “Irrigation” means flushing the area with sterile fluid. “Debridement” means removing infected, damaged, or contaminated tissue and debris. It is commonly used in orthopedic care for suspected or confirmed joint infection, contamination after injury, or certain post-surgical problems.

Tibial spine fixation is a surgical technique used to reattach a broken piece of bone at the top of the tibia (shinbone) where the ACL attaches. It is most commonly used for tibial spine (tibial eminence) avulsion fractures, often after a sports injury or fall. The goal is to restore knee stability and normal joint motion by securing the avulsed bone fragment back in place. It is typically performed by orthopedic surgeons, often using minimally invasive arthroscopy.

PCL avulsion fixation is a procedure used to reattach a piece of bone that has pulled off where the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) connects. It is most commonly used after a knee injury that causes a “bony avulsion” fracture at the PCL attachment. The goal is to restore knee stability by securing the avulsed bone fragment back to its original position. It is used in orthopedics and sports medicine for traumatic knee instability and certain fracture patterns.

ACL avulsion fixation is a surgical method used to reattach the ACL where it has pulled off a piece of bone. It is most often used when the ACL remains intact but its bony attachment has been avulsed (torn away). It is commonly discussed in sports injuries and traumatic knee injuries, including tibial spine (tibial eminence) avulsions. The goal is to restore knee stability by securing the avulsed bone fragment back to its normal position.

Extensor mechanism repair is a surgical procedure that restores the knee’s ability to straighten (extend). It focuses on repairing the tendon-and-bone system that connects the quadriceps muscle to the shinbone through the kneecap. It is most commonly used after a tendon tear around the patella (kneecap) or following certain complications after knee surgery. The goal is to re-establish a functional “straight-leg raise” and stable knee extension for walking and daily activities.

Patellar tendon repair is a surgical procedure used to reattach or restore the patellar tendon when it is torn. The patellar tendon connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia) and helps straighten the knee. This repair is most commonly used after a traumatic rupture that disrupts the knee’s “extensor mechanism.” It is also considered in selected chronic tears when the tendon cannot function normally.

Quadriceps tendon repair is a surgical procedure to reattach or reconstruct the quadriceps tendon near the knee. It is most commonly used after a quadriceps tendon tear that disrupts knee extension. The goal is to restore the extensor mechanism, which helps straighten the knee and support walking and stairs. It is typically performed by orthopedic surgeons in hospital or ambulatory surgery settings.

Partial patellectomy is a surgery that removes a portion of the kneecap (patella). It is most commonly considered after certain kneecap fractures that cannot be reliably repaired. The goal is to preserve the remaining patella and restore the knee’s straightening mechanism. It is typically performed in orthopedic trauma or complex patellofemoral cases.

Patellar fracture tension band wiring is a surgical fixation method used to hold a broken kneecap (patella) together. It uses metal wires (and sometimes pins or screws) arranged to stabilize the fracture while the bone heals. It is most commonly used for certain displaced patellar fractures where the knee’s “straightening” mechanism is disrupted.

Femoral nailing distal femur is a surgical fixation method used to stabilize fractures near the knee end of the thigh bone. It typically involves placing an intramedullary nail (a metal rod) inside the femur’s central canal. The nail is usually inserted from the knee region and locked with screws to control length, alignment, and rotation. It is most commonly discussed in the context of distal femur fractures and certain complex femur injuries near the knee.